Modern History Simplified: Indian Councils Act 1909 (Minto-Morley reforms)

Indian Councils Act 1909 (Minto-Morley reforms)
  1. Increase the size of the legislative councils, both central and provincial.
  2. The Act retained the official majority in the Central (Imperial) Legislative Council and allowed the provincial legislative councils to have non official majority. 
  3. With regard to the central government, an Indian member was taken for the first time in the Executive Council of the Governor-General or Viceroy. (Satyendra Prasad Sinha was the first Indian to join the Viceroy’s— Executive Council, as law member).
  4. The Act enlarged the deliberative functions of the legislative councils at both central and provincial levels. For instance, the act allowed members to ask supplementary questions, move resolutions on the budget and so on. 
  5. The system of election was very indirect.
  6. Separate Electorate: The act started communal representation for Muslims by accepting the concept of ‘Separate Electorate’ i.e. Muslim members were to be elected by Muslim voters only. 
  7. It also provided for the separate representation of Presidency Corporation, Chambers of Commerce, Universities and Zamindars. 

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