During Swadeshi Upsurge strikes were organised in government press, railways and the jute industry. There were attempts to form trade unions but these were not very successful.
The emergence of Gandhi led to a broad-based national movement and the emphasis was placed on the mobilisation of the workers and peasants for the national cause.
International events like the establishment of a socialist republic in the Soviet Union and setting up of International Labour Organisation (ILO) lent a new dimension to the movement of the working class in India.
